Capacitors

Capacitor Overview

A capacitor is a fundamental electronic component that stores and releases electrical energy. 

Types of Capacitors

These are of two types, each with unique characteristics and uses. Electrolytic capacitor, known for their high capacitance and compact size, are often used in power supply circuits. Ceramic capacitor, with their stable performance and affordability, are common in high-frequency applications. Super capacitors offer high energy storage and quick charge/discharge cycles, making them suitable for energy storage systems. Variable capacitors, including the variable capacitance diode, are used in tuning circuits.

Calculating Capacitance

Calculating capacitance involves understanding the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor and the effects of capacitors in series and parallel. The capacitance of a capacitor is determined by its physical characteristics and the dielectric material used. When capacitors are combined in parallel, their total capacitance increases, while in series, the overall capacitance decreases.

Capacitor Prices and Availability

The capacitor price varies based on type, capacitance, and application. Common components like the 0.1 uF capacitor (0.1 microfarad capacitor) and surface mount capacitor (SMD capacitor) are widely available and affordable. Electrolytics capacitors and other specialty capacitors may have higher prices due to their specific properties and uses.